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What is SFM? A Complete Guide to Surface Feet per Minute in Machining
If you’ve ever worked with CNC machines, you’ve likely come across the term SFM – Surface Feet per Minute. But what exactly does it mean? Before starting any cutting operation, understanding SFM is essential. It directly influences tool life, cutting quality, and machining efficiency.
In this article, we’ll break down what SFM is, how it differs from RPM, why it matters in CNC programming, and the key factors that affect your optimal SFM settings.
What is SFM in Machining?
SFM, meaning Surface Feet per Minute in CNC machining, measures how fast a cutting tool moves across a workpiece. It is expressed in feet per minute. SFM combines the tool or workpiece diameter with the spindle speed (RPM). A larger diameter or higher RPM results in a higher SFM.
Machinists use surface feet per minute to determine the best cutting speed for a material. Different materials have recommended SFM values for optimal performance. For example, 303 annealed stainless steel has an SFM of 120 when using high-speed steel tools.
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